Categorization and Specific Uses of Professional Optical Microscopes
There are various classification methods for optical microscopes: they can be divided into binocular and monocular microscopes based on the number of eyepieces used; According to whether the image has a sense of three dimensionality, it can be divided into stereo vision and non stereo vision microscopes; According to the observation object, it can be divided into biological and metallographic microscopes, etc; According to optical principles, it can be divided into polarization, phase contrast, and differential interference contrast microscopes; According to the type of light source, it can be divided into ordinary light, fluorescence, infrared light, and laser microscope, etc; According to the type of receiver, it can be divided into visual, photographic, and television microscopes. Commonly used microscopes include binocular stereomicroscope, metallographic microscope, polarizing microscope, ultraviolet fluorescence microscope, etc.
A binocular stereo microscope uses a dual channel optical path to provide a stereoscopic image for both left and right eyes. It is essentially two single tube microscopes placed side by side, with the optical axes of the two tubes forming a perspective equivalent to that formed when observing an object with both eyes, thus creating a three-dimensional stereoscopic image. Binocular stereomicroscopes are widely used in the fields of biology and medicine for slicing operations and microsurgery; Used in industry for the observation, assembly, inspection, and other work of small components and integrated circuits.
Metallographic microscope is a specialized microscope used to observe the metallographic structure of opaque objects such as metals and minerals. These opaque objects cannot be observed in a regular transmission light microscope, so the main difference between gold and a regular microscope is that the former is illuminated by reflected light, while the latter is illuminated by transmitted light. In a metallographic microscope, the illumination beam is directed from the objective lens towards the surface of the observed object, reflected by the object surface, and then returned to the objective lens for imaging. This reflective lighting method is also widely used in the detection of integrated circuit silicon wafers.
UV fluorescence microscope is a microscope that uses ultraviolet light to excite fluorescence for observation. Some specimens may not show structural details in visible light, but after staining, they can emit visible light due to fluorescence when irradiated with ultraviolet light, forming visible images. This type of microscope is commonly used in biology and medicine.
Television microscope and charge coupled microscope are microscopes that use television camera targets or charge coupled devices as receiving elements. Install a television camera target or charge coupled device at the real image surface of the microscope to replace the human eye as a receiver. These optoelectronic devices convert optical images into electrical signal images, and then perform size detection, particle counting, and other tasks on them. This type of microscope can be used in conjunction with a computer, which facilitates the automation of detection and information processing, and is often applied in situations that require a large amount of tedious detection work.
