How to measure wind speed and direction
Wind force is the force produced when the wind blows on an object, whereas wind speed refers to the wind current distance per unit time. The level of wind force and destructive power are typically inversely correlated with wind speed.
1. Why is wind speed and direction measurement so important?
Wind direction and speed are two crucial meteorological research markers. People pay a lot of attention to wind speed and direction since they not only have a significant impact on people's lives but also on meteorological research and other endeavors. For the smooth progression of various tasks, it would be beneficial to measure the wind direction and speed beforehand.\
What techniques are used to gauge wind direction and speed?
It can be separated into traditional measurement, mechanical measurement, ultrasonic measurement, and calorimetric measurement based on various measurement concepts.
standard measurement
1. To measure wind direction, use a wind vane
The wind vane pair's wind direction arrow shows the way the wind is currently blowing. The airflow places a specific amount of pressure on the vane's tail whenever the vane and the airflow's direction are at an angle. Its size is proportional to how the vane geometry is projected onto the plane that is perpendicular to the airflow direction. The head of the vane's windward area is smaller than its tail. The vane will revolve along its vertical axis in response to wind pressure until it is parallel to the airflow. From the location of the wind vane in relation to the fixed main bearing mast, it is simple to determine the direction of the wind.
2. To measure wind speed, use an anemometer.
The anemometer has a rectangular wind pressure plate, and next to the wind pressure plate is an arc-shaped frame with long and short teeth. The wind force is represented by the number of long and short teeth raised by the wind pressure plate. The level of wind speed increases with wind strength.
mechanical measurement
Arrow-type wind direction sensors and three-cup wind speed sensors are the most popular mechanical wind speed and direction sensors. For instance, the sensing part of the three-cup wind speed sensor is made up of three or four empty conical or hemispherical cups. The three-pointed star bracket or the cross-shaped bracket must be fixed to a vertical rotating shaft, the concave sides of the empty cups must be arranged in the same direction, and the cross-arm bracket must be fixed during installation. The use of wind speed and direction sensors can help people use wind energy more effectively, which is advantageous for the advancement of new wind power producing technology.
Ultrasonic measurement method
The ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor operates on the basis of measuring wind speed and direction using the ultrasonic time difference method. because the air speed in the direction of the wind will be superimposed on the speed of sound in the air. The speed of the gadget will rise when the ultrasonic wave moves in the same direction as the wind, while it will decrease when the ultrasonic wave moves in the opposite direction from the wind. As a result, calculations can be used to determine the precise wind speed and wind direction under the identical detection conditions.
Calorimetry
The anemometer is a common device for determining wind speed using the calorimetric concept. Its measurement method is inserting a thin metal wire into the fluid and heating it with an electric current until its temperature exceeds that of the fluid. The term "hot wires" is used to describe wire anemometers because of this. A portion of the heat is removed from the wire and its temperature is lowered when the fluid passes through the wire vertically. A device that can gauge light wind speeds is an anemometer.The thermocouple's cold junction is exposed to the gas flow and attached to a copper post made of phosphor. The temperature of the glass bulb will rise whenever a current flows through the heating ring, and the rate of rise depends on the wind speed. When the wind speed is low, the degree of rise is high; otherwise, the increase is minimal. A thermocouple on the meter displays the rise. Check the correction curve using the meter reading to get the current wind speed.
