All electronic circuits need DC power to provide energy. Due to the high cost of use, batteries are generally only used in low-power portable instruments. Here we discuss how to convert AC power into DC regulated power supply. The general DC power supply is composed of the following parts: The rectifier circuit converts the power frequency alternating current into pulsating direct current. The filter circuit filters out the AC components in the pulsating DC, reduces the AC components and increases the DC components. The voltage regulator circuit adopts negative feedback technology to further stabilize the rectified DC voltage.
1. Half-wave rectification circuit: Half-wave rectification is to use the unidirectional conductivity of diodes, so that the voltage Vo from the transformer can reach the load in only half a cycle.
2. Full-wave rectifier circuit: a full-wave rectifier circuit composed of a transformer with a center tap on the secondary side and two diodes, the positive and negative half cycles have current flowing through the load, which improves the rectification efficiency.
The single-phase bridge rectifier circuit is the most basic circuit that converts AC to DC. When analyzing the working principle of the rectifier circuit, the diodes in the rectifier circuit have unidirectional conductivity. During the positive half cycle, the diodes D1 and D3 are turned on, and the positive half cycle of the sine wave is obtained on the load resistance. During the negative half cycle, the diodes D2 and D4 are turned on, and the negative half cycle of the sine wave is obtained on the load resistance. The positive and negative half cycles of the load resistance are synthesized, and the one-way pulsating voltage in the same direction is obtained.
