Tell you the basic principle of polarizing microscope
Polarizing microscope is an optical microscope used to distinguish the real and distant characteristics of the tiny structure of chemical substances. All chemical substances with birefringence properties can be clearly distinguished under polarizing microscope. Therefore, it is widely used in engineering disciplines such as hydrology.
The basic principle of polarizing microscope:
1. Single refraction and double refraction
When a light source shines on a certain substance, the refractive index and amplitude of the light are different due to the difference in the area of the light. This kind of substance has birefringence, and general crystals, minerals, etc. belong to birefringence. If the substance is irradiated, the properties of light will not be changed due to the direction of the irradiance, then it has single refraction, such as ordinary gas, liquid and so on.
2. The cause and effect of polarized light
The difference between a polarizing microscope and other optical microscopes is that it has two polarizing devices: a polarizer and an analyzer. When the light source enters at the same time, the polarizer and the analyzer are in a parallel state, then the observed line of sight is brighter, if it is in a vertical state, then the line of sight is darker, and in a skewed state, the line of sight is brighter Moderate level.
3. The polarization of light
According to the vibration characteristics of microwaves, it can be divided into sunlight and polarized light. After sunlight is reflected and reflected, it becomes microwaves that only vibrate in one direction, and becomes polarized light.
4. Intervention color
When observing a birefringent object, with the rotation of the stage, some colors may appear in the line of sight. The reason for this phenomenon is the interference color, and its distribution characteristics lie in the birefringent object Thickness and type.
Polarizing microscopes have made great contributions to the research and discovery of geological and mineral analysis, microbiology, pharmaceutical analysis and other fields. Therefore, when using the whole process, it is necessary to operate in a standardized manner, and to play the greatest value according to its principles.
