The 5 basic components of an oscilloscope
It consists of five parts: oscilloscope, Y-axis system, X-axis system, Z-axis system and power supply.
The measured signal ① is connected to the "Y" input and sent to the Y1 amplifier (pre-amplifier) after appropriate attenuation by the Y-axis attenuator, and the push-pull output signals ② and ③ are then delayed Г1 time by the delay stage to the Y2 amplifier. The signals ② and ③ will be delayed by Г1 time through the delay stage to the Y2 amplifier. The amplified signals ④ and ⑤ are large enough to be added to the Y-axis deflection plate of the oscilloscope. In order to display a complete and stable waveform on the screen, the measured signal ③ of the Y-axis is introduced into the trigger circuit of the X-axis system, and a trigger pulse ⑥ is generated at a certain level value of the positive (or negative) polarity of the introduced signal, which activates the sawtooth waveform scanning circuit (time base generator) and generates the scanning voltage ⑦.
Since there is a time delay Г2 from the trigger to the start of scanning, in order to ensure that the X-axis starts scanning before the Y-axis signal reaches the fluorescent screen, the Y-axis delay Г1 should be slightly larger than that of the X-axis delay Г2. Scanning voltage ⑦ is amplified by the X-axis amplifier, which produces push-pull outputs ⑨ and ⑩, which are applied to the X-axis deflector of the oscillator. z-axis system is used to amplify the positive range of the scanning voltage, and it is transformed into positive rectangular waveforms, which are sent to the gate of the oscillator. The z-axis system is used to amplify the scanning voltage headway and turn it into a positive rectangular wave that is sent to the gate of the oscilloscope. This allows the waveform to be displayed with a fixed glow on the scan forward and smeared on the scan back.
This is the basic principle of oscilloscope operation. A dual trace display uses an electronic switch to display two different measured signals from the Y-axis input on a fluorescent screen. Due to the visual retention effect of the human eye, when the conversion frequency is high to a certain extent, see two stable, clear signal waveforms.
Oscilloscopes often have an accurate and stable square wave signal generator for calibration of the oscilloscope.
