The role of various parts of the microscope structure
1. Eyepiece
Engraved magnification above the eyepiece, such as 10 ×、 twenty × Etc. According to the size of the field of view, eyepieces can be divided into ordinary eyepieces and wide-angle eyepieces. Some microscopes also have a diopter adjustment mechanism attached to the eyepiece, allowing the operator to adjust the diopter of the left and right eyes separately. There is also a photographic eyepiece (NFK) available for photography.
2. Objective lens
Composed of an array lens and installed on a converter, also known as an objective lens. During the observation process, the selection of objective lenses generally follows the order from low to high, as the field of view of low magnification lenses is large, making it easy to find the specific parts to be inspected. The magnification of a microscope can be roughly regarded as the product of the eyepiece magnification and the objective lens magnification.
3. Condenser
The function of a spotlight lens is to focus light within the field of view; The iris aperture below the lens group can be opened or reduced to control the light transmission range of the condenser, adjust the intensity of light, and affect the resolution and contrast of imaging. When using, it should be adjusted according to the observation purpose and in conjunction with the light source intensity to obtain the best imaging effect.
4. Light source
Early ordinary optical microscopes used a reflector on the mirror base to reflect natural light or light to the center of the condenser lens as the light source for mirror inspection. A reflector is a mirror composed of a flat surface and another concave surface.
Use a concave mirror when not using a condenser or when the light is strong, as the concave mirror can act as a spotlight; When using a condenser or weak light, a flat mirror is generally used. Newly produced microscopes generally have a light source installed directly on the mirror base and a current regulating screw for adjusting the light intensity.
5. Mirror base
The base part is used to support the stability of the entire microscope.
6. Mirror column
The upright short column between the mirror base and the mirror arm serves as a connection and support.
7. Mirror arm
The arched part behind the microscope is the part that is held when moving the microscope. Some microscopes have an active tilt joint between the arm and column, which can adjust the angle of the tube's backward tilt for easy observation.
8. Mirror tube
A cylindrical structure installed at the tip of the mirror arm, with the upper part connected to the eyepiece and the lower part connected to the objective converter. The international standard cylinder length of the microscope is 160 mm, which is marked on the outer shell of the objective lens.
9. Objective converter
The freely rotating disk at the bottom of the lens barrel is used for installing the objective lens. When observing, rotate the converter to change the objective lens with different magnification.
10. Loading platform
The platform below the mirror tube has a circular light hole in the center. Used to place glass slides. The loading platform is equipped with a spring clip to fix the specimen, and a pusher on one side can move the position of the specimen. Some thrusters also have scales attached, which can directly calculate the distance of specimen movement and determine the position of the specimen.
11. Quasi focal helix
There are two types of screws, large and small, installed on the mirror arm or column. When rotating, they can cause the mirror tube or stage to move up and down, thereby adjusting the focal length of the imaging system. The larger one is called the coarse focus spiral, and with each rotation, the lens barrel rises and falls by 10mm; The small one is a fine focusing spiral, and one revolution can only lift the lens tube by 0.1mm. When observing an object under a low-power lens, the object image is quickly adjusted with a coarse focus spiral to be in the field of view.
