What are the components of a switching power supply?
As an indispensable energy supply device in modern electronic devices, switch mode power supplies are endowed with high efficiency, stability, and reliability due to their exquisite design and precise composition. Usually, a switching power supply consists of four core components: the main circuit, control circuit, detection circuit, and auxiliary power supply, each of which plays its own unique role.
Main circuit
The main circuit is the heart of the switching power supply, responsible for carrying and converting energy. It includes key components such as input filters, rectification and filtering circuits, switching devices, transformers, and output rectification and filtering circuits. Like the blood circulation system of the human body, the main circuit ensures that electrical energy is transformed, rectified, and filtered from the alternating current (AC) side into a stable direct current (DC) output. In this process, switching devices such as transistors or MOSFETs quickly switch under the drive of control signals, cutting the input current into small segments, and then converting and smoothing the voltage through transformers and filters.
control circuit
In a switching power supply, on the one hand, the inverter is controlled by sampling from the output terminal and comparing it with the set value, thereby changing the pulse width or frequency to ensure the stability of the output; On the other hand, based on the data of the test circuit and the evaluation of the protection circuit, the control circuit takes corresponding protective measures to ensure the safe operation of the power supply.
Detection circuit
The detection circuit continuously monitors the stability of the output voltage and current, and provides feedback information to the control circuit. If the detection circuit is compared to an alarm, once the voltage or current exceeds the preset range, it will trigger an alarm, prompting the control circuit to adjust its working state to correct the deviation. This closed-loop control system ensures stable and reliable output even in the event of load fluctuations or input voltage changes.
Auxiliary power supply
The auxiliary power supply provides low-power power required for the control circuit and other ancillary circuits. Implement software (remote) startup of power supply to provide power supply for protection circuits and control circuits (PWM chips, etc.) during operation
In summary, the four major components of a switching power supply each play their own roles and work together to maintain the stability and efficiency of the power supply. Under the harmonious cooperation of these four factors, switch mode power supplies provide a solid energy guarantee for modern electronic devices with their powerful performance and reliability.
