What are the main types of optical microscopes?
1, Ordinary optical microscope
A regular optical microscope mainly consists of the following parts: the illumination system, which involves a light source and a condenser; The optical magnification system, consisting of an objective lens and an eyepiece, is the most critical part of a microscope. In order to avoid excessive spherical aberration and chromatic aberration during design, both the eyepiece and objective lens are composed of complex lens groups.
2, Laser confocal scanning microscope
Laser confocal scanning microscope may sound particularly sophisticated and complex, but in fact, it simply uses laser as a scanning light source to quickly scan and image objects point by point, line by line, and face by face.
Based on the shorter wavelength of the laser beam, the beam itself is very fine, which determines that confocal laser scanning microscopy has a high resolution, about three times that of ordinary optical microscopes. People use this microscope to observe cell morphology, quantitatively analyze intracellular biochemical components, and measure cell morphology.
3, Dark field microscope
The spotlight of a dark field microscope has a light plate in the center, which can prevent the illumination light from directly entering the human lens. Only the objects reflected and diffracted by the specimen can enter the objective lens, so the background of the field of view is black and the edges of the objects are bright.
What is the imaging principle of optical microscope
The imaging principle of an optical microscope is the convex lens imaging principle. The microscope has two sets of lenses, with the objective lens forming an inverted magnified real image, and the eyepiece re imaging the image formed by the objective lens, but forming an enlarged virtual image. Therefore, after two imaging processes, the object image seen under the microscope is an inverted magnified virtual image.
To obtain clear images under a microscope, it is necessary to strictly follow the operating procedures. First, lower the lens barrel and slowly raise it in the opposite direction using a coarse focus screw. During the process, focus on the eyepiece and carefully observe changes in the field of view. When some shadows are seen, switch to a fine focus screw to adjust them clearly.
