What components comprise a microscope? a detailed breakdown of a microscope's components
A microscope is an optical instrument composed of a lens or a combination of several lenses. It is mainly used to magnify tiny objects so that people can observe them with the naked eye, and is widely used in many fields. What are the main components of the microscope? The following editor will introduce the components of the microscope in detail, hoping to help users better apply the product.
Components of a Microscope
Mechanical part
⑴ Mirror base: It is the base of the microscope to support the entire mirror body.
(2) Mirror column: It is the upright part above the mirror base, which is used to connect the mirror base and the mirror arm.
⑶Mirror arm: one end is connected to the mirror column, and the other end is connected to the lens barrel, which is the hand-held part when taking and placing the microscope.
⑷ Lens barrel: connected to the upper front of the lens arm, the upper end of the lens barrel is equipped with an eyepiece, and the lower end is equipped with an objective lens converter.
⑸Objective lens converter (rotator): It is connected to the bottom of the prism shell and can rotate freely. There are 3-4 round holes on the disc, which are the parts for installing the objective lens. Rotate the converter to change the objective lens of different multiples. When you hear the touch Observation can only be carried out when there is a knocking sound. At this time, the optical axis of the objective lens is just aligned with the center of the light hole, and the optical path is connected.
⑹Mirror stage (stage): under the lens barrel, there are two shapes, square and round, for placing slide specimens. There is a spring clip on the left side of the pusher, which is used to hold the slide specimen, and there is a pusher adjustment wheel under the stage, which can make the slide specimen move left and right, front and back.
⑺Adjuster: There are two types of screw, large and small, installed on the mirror column. When adjusting, the mirror table can move up and down.
① Coarse adjuster (coarse screw): The large screw is called a coarse adjuster, which can make the mirror stage move up and down quickly and greatly, so it can quickly adjust the distance between the objective lens and the specimen to make the object appear in the field of view, usually in the When using a low magnification lens, first use the coarse adjuster to quickly find the object.
②Fine regulator (fine spiral): The small spiral is called the fine regulator, which can slowly lift the mirror stage when moving, and is mostly used when using a high-power mirror, so as to obtain a clearer object image and observe different levels and depths of the specimen Structure.
lighting part
Installed under the mirror stage, including reflector and light collector.
(1) Reflective mirror: installed on the mirror base, it can be rotated in any direction. It has flat and concave sides. Its function is to reflect the light from the light source to the condenser, and then illuminate the specimen through the light hole. The concave mirror has a strong concentrating effect. , It is suitable for use when the light is weak, and the flat mirror has a weak light-gathering effect, and it is suitable for use when the light is strong.
(2) The light collector (light collector) is located on the light collector frame under the mirror stage, which is composed of a light collector and an aperture, and its function is to concentrate the light on the specimen to be observed.
① Condenser: It is composed of one or several lenses, which can gather light, strengthen the illumination of the specimen, and let the light enter the objective lens. There is an adjustment screw next to the mirror column. Turning it can lift the condenser to adjust the field of view. The strength of brightness.
②Aperture (iridescent aperture): Under the condenser, it is composed of more than a dozen metal sheets, and a handle protrudes from the outside. Push it to adjust the size of its opening to adjust the amount of light.
optical part
⑴ Eyepieces: Installed on the upper end of the lens barrel, usually 2-3, with 5×, 10× or 15× symbols engraved on them to indicate their magnification, generally 10× eyepieces are installed.
⑵Objective lens: Installed on the rotator at the lower end of the lens barrel, generally there are 3-4 objective lenses, the shortest one engraved with the "10×" symbol is a low-magnification lens, and the longer one is engraved with a "40×" symbol. For high-power mirrors, the longest one engraved with the "100×" symbol is the oil mirror. In addition, there is often a circle of lines of different colors on the high-power mirror and the oil mirror to show the difference.
The magnification of the microscope is the product of the magnification of the objective lens and the magnification of the eyepiece. For example, if the objective lens is 10× and the eyepiece is 10×, the magnification is 10×10=100.
