Why Electron Microscopes Have Higher Resolution
As the name implies, the so-called electron microscope is a microscope in which electron beams are used as the illumination source. Since the electron beam can be bent under the action of an external magnetic or electric field, forming a phenomenon similar to the refraction of visible light when it passes through glass, we can use this physical effect to create a "lens" for the electron beam, thereby developing an electron microscope. As a transmission electron microscope (TEM), it is characterized in that we use electron beams that pass through the sample to image, which is different from a scanning electron microscope (Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM). Since the wavelength of electron waves is much smaller than that of visible light (the wavelength of 100kV electron waves is 0.0037nm, while the wavelength of violet light is 400nm), according to optical theory, we can expect that the resolving power of electron microscopes should be much better than that of optical microscopes. In fact, the resolution of modern electron microscopes has reached 0.1nm. The third year of high school physics elective book is more detailed (the small information behind the photoelectric effect)
