A general optical microscope has several major components
(1) Mirror seat: the lowest horseshoe-shaped or rounded part of the microscope, play a role in stabilising and supporting the mirror body.
(2) Mirror column: a short column erected upwards from the mirror base. It is connected to the mirror arm and the mirror base, which can support the mirror arm and the carrier stage.
(3) Mirror arm: curved into a horseshoe-shaped part, easy to hold, the lower end and the mirror column connected to a tilt joint, can make the mirror arm tilt, easy to observe.
(4) Carrier table: extend forward from the lower end of the mirror arm, placed on the platform for specimens, the centre of which has a round hole, called the light through the hole. There is a mover on the platform (the old-style left and right each have a pressure clip), used to fix and move the specimen.
(5) Mirror tube: and the mirror arm above the connection of the garden cylinder part. Some microscope barrel has a draw tube, can be appropriately drawn long, the general length is 160-170 mm. The upper end of the barrel is equipped with an eyepiece, the lower end of a rotatable disc, called the objective lens converter (or called the objective lens rotating disc, fixed at the lower end of the barrel, divided into two layers, the upper layer of fixed immobility, the lower layer can be free to rotate. There are 2 to 4 holes on the converter, used to install different magnification of low or high objective lenses). The function is to protect the light path and brightness of imaging.
(6) adjuster (also called adjusting spiral): for the mirror wall of two kinds of rotatable spiral, a large and a small, can make the lens barrel up and down to adjust the focus. The big one is called coarse focusing spiral, located in the upper mirror arm, can be rotated to make the lens barrel can be moved up and down, so as to adjust the focus, lift the lens barrel faster, used for low-magnification focusing; the small one is called fine focusing spiral, is located in the lower mirror arm, it is a smaller range of movement than the coarse focusing spiral, lifting the lens barrel is slower, you can fine-tune the focal length.
(7) Carrier platform: the metal platform that extends from the mirror arm to the front. It is square or round, and it is the place where the slide specimen is placed. Its centre has a light hole, in the light hole of the left and right there is a flexible metal pressure clip, used to press the slide. More advanced microscopes often have a propeller on the stage, which consists of a clamp and a propelling screw, which, in addition to clamping the slides, also allows the slides to move on the stage.
Eyepiece: mounted above the barrel, composed of two sets of lenses, the role of the eyepiece is to receive the objective lens formed by the inverted solid image and then magnified into an imaginary image. The eyepiece is engraved with 5 ×, 8 ×, 10 ×, 15 ×, 25 × and other symbols, indicating the magnification. The magnification of the object image of the specimen we observe is the product of the magnification of the objective lens and the eyepiece. If the objective lens is 10 ×, the eyepiece is 8 ×, the magnification of the object image is 10 × 8 = 80 times. In the eyepiece in the two lenses between the light bar can be installed on a short hair, as a pointer, to indicate the material to be observed.
(2 Objective lens: mounted in the lower end of the barrel in the hole of the objective converter, the general microscope has 2 to 4 receiving objective lens, each lens is composed of a series of compound lenses, which also has a magnification notation, there are 4 ×, 10 ×, 40 × and 100 ×. 4 × and 10 × receiving objective lens is a low-magnification lens, 40 × is a high-magnification lens, 100 × is an oil lens. Low-magnification lens is often used to search for the object of observation and observe the whole specimen, high-magnification lens is used to observe a certain part of the specimen or a more subtle structure, oil lens is often used to observe microorganisms or plants and animals more subtle structure. Reflector: It is a device to obtain light source when observing microscope, located in the centre of microscope base, one side is plane mirror, one side is concave mirror. Turn the reflector, can make the outside light through the light collector to the specimen. When used, strong light with a plane mirror, weak light with a concave mirror.
