How to Troubleshoot Mechanical Component Faults in a Microscope
1. Troubleshooting of the coarse adjustment part of the microscope
The main malfunction of microscope coarse adjustment is inconsistent tension during automatic sliding or lifting. The so-called automatic sliding refers to the phenomenon where the lens barrel, arm, or stage is stationary at a certain position and automatically falls down slowly without adjustment under the weight of the microscope itself. The reason is that the gravity of the lens barrel, mirror arm, and stage itself is greater than the static friction force. The solution is to increase the static friction force to be greater than the gravity of the lens barrel or arm itself.
For the tilt tube of microscopes and the coarse adjustment mechanism of most binocular microscopes, when the mirror arm automatically slides down, you can use both hands to grip the stop pulley on the inside of the coarse adjustment handwheel, and tighten both hands clockwise to stop the slide. If it is not effective, professional personnel should be sought for repair.
The automatic sliding of the microscope barrel often gives people the illusion that it is caused by the loose fit between the gears and racks. So we added shims under the rack. In this way, although the downward movement of the micro lottery tube can be temporarily stopped, it causes the gears and racks to be in an abnormal meshing state. The result of the movement is that both the gears and racks are deformed. Especially when not properly padded, the deformation of the rack is even more severe, resulting in some biting tightly and others biting loosely.
Therefore, this method is not suitable for use.
In addition, due to the long-term disrepair of the coarse adjustment mechanism of the microscope, the lubricating oil dries up, causing an uncomfortable feeling during lifting, and even the friction sound of the parts can be heard. At this point, the mechanical device can be disassembled, cleaned, greased, and reassembled.
2. Troubleshooting of Microscopic Fine Adjustment Part
The most common faults in the fine adjustment part of the microscope are jamming and failure. The fine-tuning part is installed inside the instrument, and its mechanical components are small and compact, making it the most delicate and complex part of the microscope. The fine adjustment part of the microscope should be repaired by professional technicians. Without sufficient confidence, do not dismantle randomly.
3. Troubleshooting of microscope objective lens converter
The main malfunction of the microscope objective converter is the failure of the positioning device. Generally, it is caused by damage to the positioning spring (deformation, fracture, loss of elasticity, loosening of the fixing screws of the spring, etc.). When replacing the spring with a new one, do not tighten the fixing screws temporarily. Instead, perform optical axis correction according to "Section 3 (2) 2" in this section. After the axis is closed, tighten the screws. If it is an internal positioning converter, the large head screw in the center of the rotating disk should be unscrewed and the rotating disk should be removed before replacing the positioning spring. The method of optical axis correction is the same as before.
4. Troubleshooting of the lifting mechanism of the microscope concentrator (the main fault in this part is also automatic sliding)
(1) The lifting mechanism of the straight tube microscope concentrator includes: 1. celluloid washer 2. large head screw 3. eccentric toothed rod sleeve 4. toothed rod 6. lifting handwheel 7. double eye nut adjustment. When adjusting the double eye nut, insert one hand into the double eye nut on the handwheel end face with a double eye nut wrench, and insert the other hand into the large head screw slot on the other end with a screwdriver. Tighten it firmly to stop sliding.
(2) The lifting mechanism of the condenser of the oblique tube microscope:
When adjusting, first use a screwdriver to retract the retaining screw in the middle of the double eye nut by 1-2 turns. The bearing washer is tightly fitted with the retaining screw, so it will also retract along with it and detach from the end face of the gear rod. Then, use a double eye nut wrench to screw the double eye nut into the adjustment seat. At the same time, use the other hand to rotate the handwheel for testing until the lifting mechanism is properly tightened and can stay in any position, then stop the rotation of the double eye nut. Finally, insert the retaining screw and make the bearing washer contact the gear rod.
