Introduction to the mechanical components and functions of optical microscopes
The mechanics of the microscope is an important part of the microscope. Its role is to fix and adjust the optical lens, fix and move the specimen and so on. There are mainly mirror base, mirror arm, carrier table, mirror tube, objective lens converter, and focusing device.
(A), mirror seat and mirror arm
1, the role of the mirror is to support the entire microscope, equipped with a reflector, some are also equipped with a light source.
2, the role of the mirror arm is to support the lens barrel and the stage. Sub-fixed, can be tilted two kinds.
(B), the carrier stage (also known as the worktable, mirror stage)
The role of the carrier table is to place slides, the shape of the round and square two kinds, of which the square area of 120mm × 110mm. the centre of a light hole, the light hole behind the left and right sides of the hole each have a small hole for the installation of pressure clip. It is divided into two types: fixed type and mobile type. Some of the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the carrier table are equipped with a vernier scale, generally read 0.1mm, the vernier scale can be used to determine the size of the specimen, but also can be used to mark the examined part.
(C), the barrel of the mirror
The upper end of the barrel to place the eyepiece, the lower end connected to the objective lens converter. Divided into fixed and adjustable two kinds. Mechanical tube length (from the upper edge of the eyepiece tube to the lower end of the objective lens converter screw port distance known as the length of the tube or mechanical tube length) can not be changed is called a fixed tube, can be changed is called an adjustable tube, most of the newer microscopes use a fixed tube, most of the domestic microscopes use a fixed tube, domestic microscopes, the length of the mechanical tube is usually 160mm.
Installation of the eyepiece barrel, there are two kinds of monocular and binocular. Monocular can be divided into upright and tilted two kinds, binoculars are all tilted. In binocular microscopes, both eyes can be observed at the same time to reduce eye fatigue. The distance between the binoculars can be adjusted, and one of the eyepieces has a diopter adjustment (i.e., visual acuity adjustment) device, which is convenient for observers with different visual acuity of the two eyes to use.
(D) Objective Lens Converter
Objective converter fixed in the lower end of the barrel, there are 3-4 objective lens screw mouth, the objective lens should be arranged in order of magnification. Rotate the objective lens converter, should pinch the finger rotating disc rotation, do not use your fingers to promote the objective lens, because long time is easy to make the optical axis skewed, so that the image quality side bad.
(E) Focusing device
Microscope equipped with coarse focusing spiral and fine focusing spiral. Some microscope coarse focusing spiral and mounted on the same axis, large spiral for coarse focusing spiral, small spiral for fine focusing spiral; some are placed separately, located in the upper end of the mirror arm of the larger pair of spirals for the coarse focusing spiral, which rotates for a week, the lens barrel up or down 10mm. Located in the coarse focusing spiral below the smaller pair of spirals for the fine focusing spiral, which rotates for a week, the barrel of the mirror lifting value of 0.1mm, fine focusing spiral focusing range of not less than 1mm, the fine focusing spiral focusing range is not less than 1mm. The focusing range of the fine focusing spiral is not less than 1.8mm.
