Principle and difference between multimeter and clamp meter for current detection
The main function and working principle of clamp meter
The most prominent feature of the clamp meter is the caliper that can be opened in front, which can be easily stuck into the wire to measure the current in the circuit, so that the original line does not need to be destroyed or altered, and it can measure a very large current. Multimeter also has a current measurement function, so what is the difference between it and the clamp meter current measurement? First of all, let's respectively understand the principle and difference between the multimeter detecting current and clamp meter detecting current.
The principle of the multimeter measuring current
When measuring current with a multimeter, it is necessary to disconnect the measured circuit and connect the multimeter in series to measure the current. Through the multimeter internal current detection circuit can be seen, the current level in the multimeter is actually a very small resistance value of the resistance, the current flows through this resistance, it will produce a voltage drop on it, because the resistance value is determined, as long as the voltage measured on the resistor, you can calculate the current through the resistor according to the formula, because the resistor is connected in series in the circuit, so the current flowing through it is the current of the circuit being measured.
So the current measurement circuit in the multimeter, including the current measurement circuits in many meters, is to convert the current into voltage by means of a resistor shunt to measure the current. The selection of the resistance value is also required, if the resistance value is too large, the current through the resistor when the voltage drop is large, so on the one hand, it will be divided into more voltage, affecting the normal operation of the measurement of the load, on the other hand, the larger the value of the resistor, the same current, the same current, the power generated above it is also larger, which will make the resistor heat, so from these two issues to consider, the smaller the better the value of the resistor.
However, the resistance value should not be too small, the resistance is too small the voltage drop generated when the current flows through it will be smaller, which will have certain requirements for the measurement circuit behind it, because too low a voltage needs to be amplified before it can be detected by the circuit.
Disadvantages of measuring current with a multimeter
From the multimeter current detection methods and principles can be seen, the measurement of current needs to be connected in series with the multimeter in the circuit to be measured, so that in some of the circuit that can not be measured without power is not appropriate, another point is the current measurement range of the multimeter, usually the maximum measurement range of the multimeter current is generally 10A or 20A, and in order to prevent the internal current detection resistance heating, the multimeter is not allowed to measure large currents for a long time, for even larger currents, it is not allowed. In order to prevent the internal current detecting resistor from heating up, the multimeter is not allowed to measure large current for a long time, and it is not easy to realise the measurement of large current with the general multimeter.
Principle of Clamp Meter Current Measurement
Clamp meter current measurement principle and the principle of universal pen current measurement is actually basically the same, the difference is that the clamp meter is not directly detect the voltage on the shunt resistance, but the use of current transformers. The transformer is actually an application of the transformer, which transforms the current in a certain proportion. After the current transformer into the load, its primary is also equivalent to a turn, the secondary is also the clamp meter inside the number of turns is more, so that the current in accordance with a certain proportion of the smaller, so the current transformer is also equivalent to a step-up transformer, the internal circuit of the clamp meter through the detection of the transformer's voltage on the secondary side, you can calculate the measured current.
So the clamp meter compared to the multimeter, in the measurement of current without changing the line, and can measure the larger current, such as motor and other inductive loads of current. However, since a clamp meter uses a current transformer inside, it cannot pass DC current according to the working principle of a transformer. So the clamp meter really can not measure DC current? In fact, the clamp meter can measure DC current, but it is not the use of current transformers.
The difference between a clamp meter and a multimeter
As mentioned above, the main function of the clamp meter is used to detect the current, compared to the multimeter, the clamp meter to detect the current in the use of more convenient, the measurement of the range than the multimeter is much larger, but there is a point, the clamp meter in the measurement of smaller currents can not be displayed properly (such as hundreds of milliamperes of small current), and in the measurement accuracy is not as good as the multimeter.
The second difference, because the main function of the clamp meter is to detect the current, so in other functions, is not as good as the multimeter. Although many clamp meters are now also integrated with many functions of the multimeter, such as voltage measurement, resistance measurement, frequency measurement, temperature measurement, etc., but overall, these functions in addition to current measurement, is not as good as the multimeter, and the accuracy of these measurement steps is generally worse than the multimeter.
The main function and working principle of clamp meter
The most prominent feature of the clamp meter is the caliper that can be opened in front, which can be easily stuck into the wire to measure the current in the circuit, so that the original line does not need to be destroyed or altered, and it can measure a very large current. Multimeter also has a current measurement function, so what is the difference between it and the clamp meter current measurement? First of all, let's respectively understand the principle and difference between the multimeter detecting current and clamp meter detecting current.
The principle of the multimeter measuring current
When measuring current with a multimeter, it is necessary to disconnect the measured circuit and connect the multimeter in series to measure the current. Through the multimeter internal current detection circuit can be seen, the current level in the multimeter is actually a very small resistance value of the resistance, the current flows through this resistance, it will produce a voltage drop on it, because the resistance value is determined, as long as the voltage measured on the resistor, you can calculate the current through the resistor according to the formula, because the resistor is connected in series in the circuit, so the current flowing through it is the current of the circuit being measured.
So the current measurement circuit in the multimeter, including the current measurement circuits in many meters, is to convert the current into voltage by means of a resistor shunt to measure the current. The selection of the resistance value is also required, if the resistance value is too large, the current through the resistor when the voltage drop is large, so on the one hand, it will be divided into more voltage, affecting the normal operation of the measurement of the load, on the other hand, the larger the value of the resistor, the same current, the same current, the power generated above it is also larger, which will make the resistor heat, so from these two issues to consider, the smaller the better the value of the resistor.
However, the resistance value should not be too small, the resistance is too small the voltage drop generated when the current flows through it will be smaller, which will have certain requirements for the measurement circuit behind it, because too low a voltage needs to be amplified before it can be detected by the circuit.
Disadvantages of measuring current with a multimeter
From the multimeter current detection methods and principles can be seen, the measurement of current needs to be connected in series with the multimeter in the circuit to be measured, so that in some of the circuit that can not be measured without power is not appropriate, another point is the current measurement range of the multimeter, usually the maximum measurement range of the multimeter current is generally 10A or 20A, and in order to prevent the internal current detection resistance heating, the multimeter is not allowed to measure large currents for a long time, for even larger currents, it is not allowed. In order to prevent the internal current detecting resistor from heating up, the multimeter is not allowed to measure large current for a long time, and it is not easy to realise the measurement of large current with the general multimeter.
Principle of Clamp Meter Current Measurement
Clamp meter current measurement principle and the principle of universal pen current measurement is actually basically the same, the difference is that the clamp meter is not directly detect the voltage on the shunt resistance, but the use of current transformers. The transformer is actually an application of the transformer, which transforms the current in a certain proportion. After the current transformer into the load, its primary is also equivalent to a turn, the secondary is also the clamp meter inside the number of turns is more, so that the current in accordance with a certain proportion of the smaller, so the current transformer is also equivalent to a step-up transformer, the internal circuit of the clamp meter through the detection of the transformer's voltage on the secondary side, you can calculate the measured current.
So the clamp meter compared to the multimeter, in the measurement of current without changing the line, and can measure the larger current, such as motor and other inductive loads of current. However, since a clamp meter uses a current transformer inside, it cannot pass DC current according to the working principle of a transformer. So the clamp meter really can not measure DC current? In fact, the clamp meter can measure DC current, but it is not the use of current transformers.
The difference between a clamp meter and a multimeter
As mentioned above, the main function of the clamp meter is used to detect the current, compared to the multimeter, the clamp meter to detect the current in the use of more convenient, the measurement of the range than the multimeter is much larger, but there is a point, the clamp meter in the measurement of smaller currents can not be displayed properly (such as hundreds of milliamperes of small current), and in the measurement accuracy is not as good as the multimeter.
The second difference, because the main function of the clamp meter is to detect the current, so in other functions, is not as good as the multimeter. Although many clamp meters are now also integrated with many functions of the multimeter, such as voltage measurement, resistance measurement, frequency measurement, temperature measurement, etc., but overall, these functions in addition to current measurement, is not as good as the multimeter, and the accuracy of these measurement steps is generally worse than the multimeter.
