Accessories and classification of optical microscope
With the development of modern biotechnology and the improvement of people's requirements for microscopes, a single optical microscopic imaging system is far from meeting people's requirements for microphotography. The advent of digital microscopes marks that optical microscopes have entered a new digital era. Digital microscope not only combines the good imaging characteristics of optical microscope, but also perfectly combines it with advanced photoelectric conversion technology and liquid crystal screen technology, so that the microscope can not only have the ability of microscopic observation, but also realize the digital storage and storage of microscopic images. transmission.
However, the high cost of the digital microscope did not make it widely used, and a new type of microscopic digital product—microscopic digital camera was also produced. As a dedicated microscopic digital camera, the microscopic digital camera can be easily linked to any microscope to realize the transformation from optical microscope to digital microscope.
As an essential accessory for optical microscopes, microscopic digital cameras are also divided into many different levels according to different needs, some are more suitable for higher image requirements, and some are more suitable for general needs. As a convenient and efficient microscopic camera system, the microscopic digital camera will be widely used.
The accessories of optical microscopes include eyepieces, objective lenses, light sources, etc. Of course, with the development of technology, optical microscopes are gradually equipped with camera systems, so that they can be displayed on the monitor, and it is more convenient to watch.
In addition, the light source of the microscope is also more important. When equipped with a ring light source, there are also clip-on light sources. The bases of optical microscopes are also different, some are made of plastic, some are made of alloy, and the better one is made of alloy, which is not easy to deform. The magnifications are not the same, some can be continuously variable, and some have only one or two multiples.
Classification
There are many classification methods for optical microscopes. According to the number of eyepieces used, they can be divided into trinocular, binocular and monocular microscopes; according to whether the image has a stereoscopic effect, they can be divided into stereoscopic vision and non-stereoscopic vision microscopes; according to the object of observation, they can be divided into Biological and metallographic microscopes, etc.; can be divided into polarized light, phase contrast and differential interference contrast microscopes according to the optical principle; can be divided into ordinary light, fluorescence, infrared light and laser microscopes according to the type of light source; Visual, photographic and television microscopes, etc. Commonly used microscopes include binocular zoom stereo microscopes, metallographic microscopes, polarizing microscopes, and ultraviolet fluorescence microscopes.
The binocular stereo microscope uses a dual-channel optical path to provide a three-dimensional image for the left and right eyes. It is essentially two single-lens tube microscopes placed side by side, and the optical axes of the two tubes form a viewing angle equivalent to that formed when people observe an object with binoculars, thereby forming a three-dimensional stereoscopic image. Binocular stereo microscopes are widely used in slicing operations and microsurgery in the fields of biology and medicine; in industry, they are used for observation, assembly and inspection of tiny parts and integrated circuits.
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Metallographic microscope is a microscope specially used to observe the metallographic structure of opaque objects such as metals and minerals. These opaque objects cannot be observed in ordinary transmitted light microscopes, so the main difference between metallographic and ordinary microscopes is that the former is illuminated by reflected light, while the latter is illuminated by transmitted light. In a metallographic microscope, the illumination beam is projected from the direction of the objective lens to the surface of the object to be observed, reflected by the object surface and then returned to the objective lens for imaging. This reflected lighting method is also widely used in the detection of integrated circuit silicon wafers. Ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy is a microscope that uses ultraviolet light to excite fluorescence for observation. Some specimens cannot detect structural details in visible light, but after dyeing, visible light can be emitted due to fluorescence when irradiated with ultraviolet light, forming a visible image. These microscopes are commonly used in biology and medicine.
Television microscopes and charge-coupler microscopes are microscopes in which a television camera target or a charge-coupler is used as a receiving element. A TV camera target or a charge coupler is installed on the real image surface of the microscope to replace the human eye as a receiver, and the optical image is converted into an image of an electrical signal through these optoelectronic devices, and then size detection, particle counting, etc. are performed on it. This type of microscope can be used in conjunction with a computer, which facilitates the automation of detection and information processing, and is mostly used in occasions that require a lot of tedious detection work.
A scanning microscope is a microscope in which the imaging beam can scan relative to the object plane. In the scanning microscope, the field of view is reduced to ensure the highest resolution of the objective lens. At the same time, the optical or mechanical scanning method is used to scan the imaging beam within a larger field of view relative to the object surface, and the information processing technology is used to obtain the synthesis. large area image information. This type of microscope is suitable for observations that require high-resolution, large-field images. Coarse focus helix: adjust the lens barrel up and down in a wide range.
Fine focusing screw: adjust the lens barrel up and down in a small range.、
