The use of ordinary biological microscope_biological microscope, microscope
1. How to use the microscope
(1) Preparation: First wipe the microscope workbench clean, and then prepare the specimens and various utensils to be observed.
(2) Use of microscope
1. Access: Take the microscope out of the mirror box, hold the mirror arm with one hand, and support the base with the other hand, and place it lightly at a position 8-10 cm away from the edge of the workbench, to the left.
2. Use of low magnification lens
⑴Aiming at the light: Before aiming at the light, first install a suitable eyepiece (10× eyepiece is generally used), install the 10×, 40×, and 100× objective lenses on the objective lens converter clockwise, and turn the converter counterclockwise to make the 10× The objective lens is aligned with the clear hole in the center of the stage. Observe from the eyepiece, adjust the reflector or turn on the power at the same time, until the field of view is bright and uniform.
Use a binocular microscope to adjust the width of the binoculars, and adjust the distance between the two eyepieces by pushing or pulling until the fields of view of the two graphics coincide completely when the two eyes are observed on the two eyepieces at the same time. The number shown on the lens barrel dial is the distance between the pupils of the observer's eyes.
Adjust the height of the condenser according to the magnification of the objective lens. When using an oil lens, due to the large magnification and low brightness of the mirror image, strong lighting is required, and the condenser needs to be raised to the highest position.
Adjust the iris (diaphragm) to make the aperture ratio of the condenser mirror consistent with that of the objective lens, so that the resolution of the dance can be fully utilized. The method is: after adjusting the microscope to the working state, pull out the eyepiece from the eyepiece tube, and Observe (look into the eyepiece tube with the eyepiece pulled out), while shrinking the diaphragm, you can see the image formed by the narrowed diaphragm by the objective lens, and then gradually increase the diaphragm, when the edge of the diaphragm image passes through the objective lens Stop when the edge of the black circle of the hole is consistent, and the aperture ratio of the condenser mirror and the aperture ratio of the objective lens are consistent at this time. If the circle frame of the iris diaphragm of the microscope is engraved with a scale indicating the caliber, it can be adjusted to 80% of the aperture ratio of the objective lens, that is, the aperture ratio of the objective lens is 0.65, then the scale of the iris diaphragm is adjusted to 0.65×80%=0.52 That's it.
(2) Observation: Place the specimen on the stage, align the specimen with the center of the light hole, lower the lens barrel or raise the stage, and observe from the side, so that the lower end of the objective lens is gradually approaching the specimen, but cannot touch the cover glass piece. Observe from the eyepiece, use the coarse quasi-focus screw to slowly raise the lens barrel and lower the stage until the specimen is seen, and then adjust the fine quasi-focus screw until the object image is clear.
3. Observation with high power lens
Under the low magnification lens, find the part to be further observed, move to the center of the field of view, then raise the condenser, turn the objective lens converter counterclockwise and replace it with a high magnification lens. The qualified operating distance of the microscope is suitable for switching from a low magnification lens to a high magnification lens. Generally, you can see a clear object image by slightly adjusting the fine focus screw.
⒋ Observation with oil immersion lens
After viewing the specimen under a high-power lens, move the part that needs to be further enlarged to the center of the field of view. Raise the lens barrel or lower the stage about 1.5 cm. Turn the objective lens away from the optical axis, drop a drop of cedar oil on the part to be observed on the cover glass, and raise the aperture to the maximum. Replace the oil immersion lens, carefully adjust the coarse focus screw, make the oil immersion immersion slowly lower or slowly rise the stage, observe the distance between the lower end of the oil immersion immersion lens and the specimen from the side, when the lower end of the oil immersion immersion lens starts to touch the oil drop can be stopped. Observe from the eyepiece and adjust the fine focus screw until the specimen image is clearly seen.
After observation, raise the lens barrel or lower the stage, turn the oil lens away from the optical axis, gently absorb the oil on the oil lens and cover glass with dry lens tissue, and then use the lens tissue soaked in xylene Wipe it two or three times, and finally wipe it with a clean lens tissue two or three more times.
(3) Handling work after observation
Cleaning: Wipe off the dirt (residue or dust) on the microscope with a lens cleaning paper, if it cannot be wiped clean, wipe it with a little xylene.
Placement of each part of the microscope: After wiping, turn the objective lens away from the optical axis, and turn the mirror to a direction perpendicular to the stage to reduce dust sticking to it, then cover the lens cover, and carefully put it back into the mirror box , save for later use.
