Working Principle and Usage of Reading Microscope
Usage of reading microscope
1. First, zero the reading microscope (note to gently rotate the knob, as the reading microscope is a high-precision instrument with high cost, and excessive force can lead to a decrease in accuracy);
2. Then place the stamped components on a horizontal workbench surface;
3. Place the reading microscope on the component (do not shake your hands when the microscope is placed together with the workpiece, as the connection between the microscope and the workpiece is not very tight, and slight carelessness can cause reading errors), and align the transparent hole to the bright spot;
4. Rotate the nut to move the marking left and right along the X-axis;
5. The marking is tangent to both sides of the indentation, and the distance traveled by the marking is the diameter of the indentation;
6. Rotate the workpiece by 90 ° and measure it again (but due to the irregular shape of the indentation, the workpiece needs to be rotated by 90 ° and the average value should be taken again). Take the average of the two results to obtain the final diameter of the hole.
7. After recording the reading, reset the microscope to zero and place it in the designated position.
The working principle of a reading microscope:
A length measurement tool that uses a microscope optical system to amplify, subdivide, and read the divisions of a line rule. It is often used as a reading component for length comparators, length measuring machines, and tool microscopes, or as a positioning component for coordinate boring and grinding machines. It can also be used separately to measure smaller dimensions, such as line spacing, indentation diameter in hardness testing, crack and small hole diameter, etc. Its graduation values include 10 micrometers, 1 micrometer, and 0.5 micrometers.
According to the principle of subdivision, reading microscopes are usually divided into three types: direct reading, line moving, and image moving.
1. Direct reading microscope: The scale on the line ruler is locally magnified by the objective lens and imaged on the dividing plate. If the distance between the lines is 1mm, it is magnified to a distance equal to 100 divisions on the dividing plate. A division value of 0.01mm can be read through the eyepiece (magnified).
2. Marking mobile reading microscope: When measuring, rotate the micro handwheel to align the double lines on the movable dividing plate with the line image of the line ruler. Read the percentile and thousandth digits from the reading drum or other reading mechanism, and read the tenth digits from the movable dividing plate. In order to avoid the wear of precision threads (or other micro mechanisms) on the micro handwheel, some microscopes make double Archimedean spiral lines (c in the figure) from the double grooves on the movable reticle. The pitch of the double Archimedean spiral is equal to 1/10 of the line spacing of the line ruler multiplied by the magnification of the objective lens, and there are also 100 equal divisions engraved on its inner circle. Therefore, after it aligns with the line pattern, the tenths and thousandths can be read from the fixed reticle, and the percentiles and thousandths can be read from the movable reticle.
3. Image moving reading microscope: A movable optical element (such as planar parallel glass, wedge glass, or compensating lens) is added between the objective lens and the reticle plate. When moving such optical components, the line image of the line ruler will move. After aligning the line image with the double lines on the fixed dividing plate, the values in tenths, percentiles, and thousandths can be read out from the fixed dividing plate and the movable dividing plate, respectively.
The optical reading head is a component that magnifies the scale of the linear ruler through an objective lens and projects it onto the shadow screen, and uses a reticle and a micro motion device to subdivide and read. It can reduce the fatigue of the human eye when aiming and reading, with graduation values of 10 micrometers, 2 micrometers, and 1 micrometer.
The working principle and usage of a reading microscope is a precision optical instrument with a development history of over 300 years. Since the advent of microscopes, people have seen many tiny tissues that were previously invisible. At present, there are not only optical microscopes that can magnify more than a thousand times, but also electron microscopes that can magnify hundreds of thousands of times, giving us a further understanding of things around us. We measure the indentation size of the Brinell hardness test mostly through a microscope. Therefore, the performance of the microscope is the key to conducting good measurement experiments.
