Microscope Types and Applications
① Geometric optical microscope: including biological microscope, epi-light microscope, inverted microscope, metallographic microscope, dark field microscope
Microscope etc.
②Physical optical microscope: including phase contrast microscope, polarized light microscope, interference microscope, phase contrast polarized light microscope, phase contrast
Interference microscopy, phase contrast fluorescence microscopy, etc.
③ Information conversion microscope: including fluorescence microscope, microspectrophotometer, image analysis microscope, acoustic microscope,
phase microscope, television microscope, etc.
List several uses of microscopes:
a Biological microscope: Generally speaking, microscopes can be divided into two categories: stereo microscopes and biological microscopes. Due to different uses and different requirements, many branches have been produced, but the basic principle is still the same. Polarization, phase contrast, transmission and epimetry, etc. still belong to biological microscopes.
b Stereo microscope: Also known as dissecting microscope, solid microscope and stereo microscope, it is a microscope with many uses. It is easy to operate, does not have high requirements for specimens, has a long working distance, and has a strong sense of three-dimensionality when observing. It can observe real objects, and can also perform some operations on specimens while observing. Instead of slicing specimens like biological microscopes, slicing requires corresponding techniques and equipment. Therefore, stereo microscopes are widely used in the fields of microelectronics, precision instrumentation assembly and maintenance, and micro-carving. It is widely used in anatomical operations and microsurgery (currently classified as operating microscopes) in the fields of biology and medicine. The light source used in the fields of biology and medicine can only use cold light sources (optical fibers); it is used in industries for tiny parts and Integrated circuit observation, assembly, inspection and other work.
c Metallographic microscope: Many people like to write it as "metallic microscope". Metallographic microscope is a microscope specially used to observe the metallographic structure of opaque objects such as metals and minerals. These opaque objects cannot be observed in ordinary transmission microscopes, so the main difference between phase and ordinary microscopes is that the former is illuminated with reflected light, while the latter is illuminated with transmitted light. In the metallographic microscope, the illumination beam is shot from the direction of the objective lens to the surface of the object to be observed, reflected by the object surface and then returned to the objective lens for imaging. This reflected lighting method is also widely used in the detection of integrated circuit silicon wafers.
